计算机专业英语词汇
00:00
计算机专业英语词汇 1000 词，按编程语言、Web 开发、操作系统、网络、数据库、AI 分类，助力技术文档阅读与写作。
1. 编程语言与软件工程 (Programming Languages & Software Engineering)
| 单词 | 音标 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| abstraction | /æbˈstrækʃn/ | n. 抽象 | Abstraction reduces complexity in software design. |
| algorithm | /ˈælɡərɪðəm/ | n. 算法 | The sorting algorithm runs in time. |
| allocate | /ˈæləkeɪt/ | v. 分配 | The system allocates memory dynamically. |
| argument | /ˈɑːrɡjumənt/ | n. 参数；论点 | The function accepts three arguments. |
| array | /əˈreɪ/ | n. 数组 | Elements in an array are accessed by index. |
| asynchronous | /eɪˈsɪŋkrənəs/ | adj. 异步的 | Asynchronous programming avoids blocking the main thread. |
| attribute | /əˈtrɪbjuːt/ | n. 属性 | Each HTML element has specific attributes. |
| binary | /ˈbaɪnəri/ | adj. 二进制的 | Computers process data in binary format. |
| binding | /ˈbaɪndɪŋ/ | n. 绑定 | Late binding occurs at runtime. |
| boolean | /ˈbuːliən/ | n. 布尔值 | A boolean can be either true or false. |
| callback | /ˈkɔːlbæk/ | n. 回调 | The callback function executes after the request completes. |
| class | /klæs/ | n. 类 | A class defines the structure and behavior of objects. |
| closure | /ˈkloʊʒər/ | n. 闭包 | A closure captures variables from its outer scope. |
| compile | /kəmˈpaɪl/ | v. 编译 | The compiler translates source code to machine code. |
| concurrency | /kənˈkɜːrənsi/ | n. 并发 | Concurrency enables multiple tasks to make progress. |
| constant | /ˈkɑːnstənt/ | n. 常量 | The value of a constant cannot be changed. |
| constructor | /kənˈstrʌktər/ | n. 构造函数 | The constructor initializes the object’s state. |
| debug | /diːˈbʌɡ/ | v. 调试 | Use a debugger to step through the code. |
| declaration | /ˌdekləˈreɪʃn/ | n. 声明 | Variable declarations must precede their use. |
| dependency | /dɪˈpendənsi/ | n. 依赖 | The project has several external dependencies. |
| deprecation | /ˌdeprəˈkeɪʃn/ | n. 弃用 | The deprecated API will be removed in the next release. |
| deserialize | /diːˈsɪriəlaɪz/ | v. 反序列化 | Deserialize the JSON string into an object. |
| encapsulation | /ɪnˌkæpsjuˈleɪʃn/ | n. 封装 | Encapsulation hides internal implementation details. |
| enumerate | /ɪˈnuːməreɪt/ | v. 枚举 | Enumerate all possible combinations. |
| exception | /ɪkˈsepʃn/ | n. 异常 | An exception was thrown during execution. |
| expression | /ɪkˈspreʃn/ | n. 表达式 | The expression evaluates to a boolean value. |
| function | /ˈfʌŋkʃn/ | n. 函数 | The function returns the computed result. |
| garbage | /ˈɡɑːrbɪdʒ/ | n. 垃圾 | Garbage collection reclaims unused memory. |
| generic | /dʒəˈnerɪk/ | adj. 泛型的 | Generic types improve code reusability. |
| handler | /ˈhændlər/ | n. 处理器 | The event handler responds to user actions. |
| heap | /hiːp/ | n. 堆 | Objects are allocated on the heap. |
| identifier | /aɪˈdentɪfaɪər/ | n. 标识符 | Variable names are identifiers. |
| immutable | /ɪˈmjuːtəbl/ | adj. 不可变的 | Strings in Python are immutable. |
| implement | /ˈɪmplɪment/ | v. 实现 | The class implements the interface. |
| inheritance | /ɪnˈherɪtəns/ | n. 继承 | Inheritance allows code reuse through class hierarchies. |
| instance | /ˈɪnstəns/ | n. 实例 | Each object is an instance of a class. |
| interface | /ˈɪntərfeɪs/ | n. 接口 | The interface defines a contract for implementing classes. |
| interpret | /ɪnˈtɜːrprɪt/ | v. 解释执行 | Python is an interpreted language. |
| iteration | /ˌɪtəˈreɪʃn/ | n. 迭代 | Each iteration processes one element. |
| lambda | /ˈlæmdə/ | n. Lambda 表达式 | Lambda expressions create anonymous functions. |
| lexical | /ˈleksɪkl/ | adj. 词法的 | Lexical scoping determines variable accessibility. |
| literal | /ˈlɪtərəl/ | n. 字面量 | String literals are enclosed in quotes. |
| metadata | /ˈmetədeɪtə/ | n. 元数据 | Metadata provides information about the data. |
| method | /ˈmeθəd/ | n. 方法 | The method performs the requested operation. |
| module | /ˈmɑːdʒuːl/ | n. 模块 | Import the module to use its functions. |
| mutable | /ˈmjuːtəbl/ | adj. 可变的 | Lists in Python are mutable. |
| namespace | /ˈneɪmspeɪs/ | n. 命名空间 | Namespaces prevent naming conflicts. |
| null | /nʌl/ | n. 空值 | The variable was assigned a null value. |
| object | /ˈɑːbdʒekt/ | n. 对象 | Everything in Python is an object. |
| operand | /ˈɑːpərænd/ | n. 操作数 | The operator requires two operands. |
| operator | /ˈɑːpəreɪtər/ | n. 运算符 | The comparison operator returns a boolean. |
| overload | /ˌoʊvərˈloʊd/ | v. 重载 | Method overloading allows multiple signatures. |
| override | /ˌoʊvərˈraɪd/ | v. 重写 | The subclass overrides the parent method. |
| parameter | /pəˈræmɪtər/ | n. 参数 | The function takes two parameters. |
| parse | /pɑːrz/ | v. 解析 | The parser converts the string into a data structure. |
| pointer | /ˈpɔɪntər/ | n. 指针 | A pointer stores the memory address of a variable. |
| polymorphism | /ˌpɑːlɪˈmɔːrfɪzəm/ | n. 多态 | Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as their parent type. |
| primitive | /ˈprɪmətɪv/ | adj. 原始的 | Primitive types include int, float, and boolean. |
| recursion | /rɪˈkɜːrʒn/ | n. 递归 | Recursion requires a base case to terminate. |
| refactor | /riːˈfæktər/ | v. 重构 | Refactor the code to improve readability. |
| reference | /ˈrefərəns/ | n. 引用 | Pass by reference shares the same object. |
| reflection | /rɪˈflekʃn/ | n. 反射 | Reflection allows runtime type inspection. |
| return | /rɪˈtɜːrn/ | v. 返回 | The function returns the computed value. |
| runtime | /ˈrʌntaɪm/ | n. 运行时 | Runtime errors occur during program execution. |
| scope | /skoʊp/ | n. 作用域 | Variables declared inside a block have local scope. |
| serialize | /ˈsɪriəlaɪz/ | v. 序列化 | Serialize the object to JSON format. |
| signature | /ˈsɪɡnətʃər/ | n. 签名 | The method signature defines its parameters and return type. |
| stack | /stæk/ | n. 栈 | Function calls are managed on the call stack. |
| statement | /ˈsteɪtmənt/ | n. 语句 | Each statement performs a specific action. |
| static | /ˈstætɪk/ | adj. 静态的 | Static methods belong to the class, not instances. |
| string | /strɪŋ/ | n. 字符串 | Strings are sequences of characters. |
| syntax | /ˈsɪntæks/ | n. 语法 | Syntax errors prevent compilation. |
| template | /ˈtemplət/ | n. 模板 | Template metaprogramming enables compile-time computation. |
| token | /ˈtoʊkən/ | n. 令牌；词法单元 | The lexer breaks source code into tokens. |
| type | /taɪp/ | n. 类型 | Type checking ensures type safety. |
| variable | /ˈveriəbl/ | n. 变量 | Variables store data during program execution. |
2. Web 开发 (Web Development)
| 单词 | 音标 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| accessibility | /əkˌsesəˈbɪləti/ | n. 无障碍性 | Accessibility ensures websites are usable by everyone. |
| asset | /ˈæset/ | n. 静态资源 | Bundle assets for production deployment. |
| async | /eɪˈsɪŋk/ | adj. 异步的 | Use async/await for cleaner asynchronous code. |
| attribute | /əˈtrɪbjuːt/ | n. 属性 | Set the href attribute of the anchor tag. |
| authentication | /ɔːˌθentɪˈkeɪʃn/ | n. 认证 | Authentication verifies user identity. |
| authorization | /ˌɔːθərəˈzeɪʃn/ | n. 授权 | Authorization determines user permissions. |
| bundle | /ˈbʌndl/ | n./v. 打包 | Webpack bundles JavaScript modules. |
| cache | /kæʃ/ | n./v. 缓存 | Cache static assets for better performance. |
| certificate | /sərˈtɪfɪkət/ | n. 证书 | SSL certificates enable HTTPS. |
| component | /kəmˈpoʊnənt/ | n. 组件 | React components are reusable UI elements. |
| cookie | /ˈkʊki/ | n. Cookie | Cookies store small amounts of client-side data. |
| CORS | /kɔːrz/ | n. 跨域资源共享 | CORS headers control cross-origin requests. |
| credential | /krəˈdenʃl/ | n. 凭证 | Store credentials securely. |
| CRUD | /krʌd/ | n. 增删改查 | The API supports CRUD operations. |
| deployment | /dɪˈplɔɪmənt/ | n. 部署 | Automated deployment reduces errors. |
| directive | /dɪˈrektɪv/ | n. 指令 | Vue directives extend HTML with custom behavior. |
| DOM | /dɑːm/ | n. 文档对象模型 | The DOM represents the page structure. |
| endpoint | /ˈendpɔɪnt/ | n. 端点 | The API endpoint returns user data. |
| favicon | /ˈfævɪkɑːn/ | n. 网站图标 | The favicon appears in the browser tab. |
| framework | /ˈfreɪmwɜːrk/ | n. 框架 | React is a popular frontend framework. |
| header | /ˈhedər/ | n. 请求头 | Set the Content-Type header to application/json. |
| hydration | /haɪˈdreɪʃn/ | n. 水合 | Hydration attaches event listeners to server-rendered HTML. |
| interceptor | /ˌɪntərˈseptər/ | n. 拦截器 | HTTP interceptors modify requests and responses. |
| latency | /ˈleɪtənsi/ | n. 延迟 | Reduce network latency for better UX. |
| library | /ˈlaɪbreri/ | n. 库 | jQuery is a widely-used JavaScript library. |
| middleware | /ˈmɪdlwer/ | n. 中间件 | Express middleware processes requests sequentially. |
| minify | /ˈmɪnɪfaɪ/ | v. 压缩 | Minify CSS and JavaScript for production. |
| mock | /mɑːk/ | v./n. 模拟 | Mock API responses during testing. |
| pagination | /ˌpædʒɪˈneɪʃn/ | n. 分页 | Pagination improves performance for large datasets. |
| payload | /ˈpeɪloʊd/ | n. 载荷 | The request payload contains the form data. |
| polyfill | /ˈpɑːlifɪl/ | n. 垫片 | Polyfills provide modern features in older browsers. |
| progressive | /prəˈɡresɪv/ | adj. 渐进的 | Progressive web apps work offline. |
| proxy | /ˈprɑːksi/ | n. 代理 | A reverse proxy handles incoming requests. |
| query | /ˈkwɪri/ | n. 查询 | URL query parameters pass data to the server. |
| render | /ˈrendər/ | v. 渲染 | React renders components to the DOM. |
| request | /rɪˈkwest/ | n./v. 请求 | Send a GET request to the API. |
| response | /rɪˈspɑːns/ | n. 响应 | The server returns a JSON response. |
| responsive | /rɪˈspɑːnsɪv/ | adj. 响应式的 | Responsive design adapts to screen sizes. |
| REST | /rest/ | n. 表述性状态转移 | RESTful APIs follow resource-based conventions. |
| route | /ruːt/ | n. 路由 | Define routes for each page of the application. |
| scaffold | /ˈskæfəld/ | v. 脚手架 | Scaffold a new project with create-react-app. |
| schema | /ˈskiːmə/ | n. 模式 | Validate data against the JSON schema. |
| selector | /sɪˈlektər/ | n. 选择器 | CSS selectors target HTML elements. |
| server | /ˈsɜːrvər/ | n. 服务器 | The server handles client requests. |
| session | /ˈseʃn/ | n. 会话 | Session data is stored on the server. |
| SPA | /es piː eɪ/ | n. 单页应用 | SPAs load a single HTML page dynamically. |
| SSR | /es es ɑːr/ | n. 服务端渲染 | SSR improves initial page load performance. |
| state | /steɪt/ | n. 状态 | Component state determines its rendering. |
| stylesheet | /ˈsteɪtʃuːt/ | n. 样式表 | Link the stylesheet in the HTML head. |
| template | /ˈtemplət/ | n. 模板 | Template literals allow embedded expressions. |
| throughput | /ˈθruːpʊt/ | n. 吞吐量 | The server handles high throughput efficiently. |
| token | /ˈtoʊkən/ | n. 令牌 | JWT tokens are used for authentication. |
| transpile | /trænˈspaɪl/ | v. 转译 | Babel transpiles ES6+ to ES5. |
| viewport | /ˈvjuːpɔːrt/ | n. 视口 | Set the viewport meta tag for mobile devices. |
| webhook | /ˈwebhʊk/ | n. Webhook | Webhooks notify your app of events. |
| webpack | /ˈwebpæk/ | n. Webpack | Webpack is a module bundler. |
| WebSocket | /ˈwebsɑːket/ | n. WebSocket | WebSocket enables real-time bidirectional communication. |
3. 操作系统 (Operating Systems)
| 单词 | 音标 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| batch | /bætʃ/ | n. 批处理 | Batch processing executes jobs without user interaction. |
| boot | /buːt/ | v. 启动 | The system boots from the solid-state drive. |
| buffer | /ˈbʌfər/ | n. 缓冲区 | Data is stored in a buffer before processing. |
| checkpoint | /ˈtʃekpɔɪnt/ | n. 检查点 | The system saves checkpoints for recovery. |
| CLI | /siː el aɪ/ | n. 命令行界面 | The CLI provides text-based system control. |
| concurrency | /kənˈkɜːrənsi/ | n. 并发 | Concurrency improves resource utilization. |
| context | /ˈkɑːntekst/ | n. 上下文 | Context switching saves and restores process state. |
| daemon | /ˈdiːmən/ | n. 守护进程 | The daemon runs in the background. |
| deadlock | /ˈdedlɑːk/ | n. 死锁 | Deadlock occurs when processes wait indefinitely. |
| dispatch | /dɪˈspætʃ/ | v. 调度 | The dispatcher allocates CPU time to processes. |
| driver | /ˈdraɪvər/ | n. 驱动程序 | Install the driver for the graphics card. |
| exec | /ɪɡˈzek/ | v. 执行 | The exec system call replaces the process image. |
| file | /faɪl/ | n. 文件 | Files store data on disk. |
| fork | /fɔːrk/ | v. 派生 | The fork system call creates a child process. |
| GUI | /ɡuːi/ | n. 图形用户界面 | The GUI provides visual interaction. |
| interrupt | /ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/ | n./v. 中断 | Hardware interrupts signal events to the CPU. |
| I/O | /aɪ oʊ/ | n. 输入/输出 | I/O operations transfer data between devices. |
| kernel | /ˈkɜːrnl/ | n. 内核 | The kernel manages system resources. |
| mount | /maʊnt/ | v. 挂载 | Mount the filesystem to access its contents. |
| mutex | /ˈmjuːteks/ | n. 互斥锁 | A mutex ensures mutual exclusion. |
| page | /peɪdʒ/ | n. 页 | The page table maps virtual to physical addresses. |
| pipe | /paɪp/ | n. 管道 | Pipes connect the output of one process to another. |
| privilege | /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/ | n. 特权 | Kernel mode has higher privileges than user mode. |
| process | /ˈprɑːses/ | n. 进程 | Each process has its own address space. |
| race | /reɪs/ | n. 竞争 | Race conditions cause unpredictable behavior. |
| scheduling | /ˈskedʒuːlɪŋ/ | n. 调度 | Scheduling algorithms allocate CPU time. |
| semaphore | /ˈseməfɔːr/ | n. 信号量 | Semaphores control access to shared resources. |
| shell | /ʃel/ | n. Shell | The shell interprets user commands. |
| signal | /ˈsɪɡnəl/ | n. 信号 | Send a signal to terminate the process. |
| socket | /ˈsɑːkɪt/ | n. 套接字 | Sockets enable network communication. |
| spawn | /spɔːn/ | v. 生成 | Spawn a new process to handle the request. |
| swap | /swɑːp/ | v. 交换 | The system swaps pages to disk when memory is low. |
| syscall | /ˈsɪskɔːl/ | n. 系统调用 | System calls provide kernel services to processes. |
| thread | /θred/ | n. 线程 | Threads share the process address space. |
| zombie | /ˈzɑːmbi/ | n. 僵尸进程 | Zombie processes consume process table entries. |
4. 计算机网络 (Computer Networking)
| 单词 | 音标 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| bandwidth | /ˈbændwɪdθ/ | n. 带宽 | Higher bandwidth allows faster data transfer. |
| broadcast | /ˈbrɔːdkæst/ | n./v. 广播 | Broadcast messages reach all devices on the network. |
| certificate | /sərˈtɪfɪkət/ | n. 证书 | TLS certificates verify server identity. |
| cipher | /ˈsaɪfər/ | n. 密码；加密算法 | AES is a symmetric cipher. |
| congestion | /kənˈdʒestʃən/ | n. 拥塞 | Congestion control prevents network overload. |
| connection | /kəˈnekʃn/ | n. 连接 | TCP establishes a reliable connection. |
| datagram | /ˈdeɪtəɡræm/ | n. 数据报 | UDP sends datagrams without guaranteed delivery. |
| DNS | /diː en es/ | n. 域名系统 | DNS resolves domain names to IP addresses. |
| encryption | /ɪnˈkrɪpʃn/ | n. 加密 | End-to-end encryption protects message privacy. |
| firewall | /ˈfaɪərwɔːl/ | n. 防火墙 | The firewall blocks unauthorized access. |
| frame | /freɪm/ | n. 帧 | Ethernet frames carry data at the link layer. |
| gateway | /ˈɡeɪtweɪ/ | n. 网关 | The default gateway routes traffic to other networks. |
| handshake | /ˈhændʃeɪk/ | n. 握手 | TCP uses a three-way handshake. |
| host | /hoʊst/ | n. 主机 | Each host has a unique IP address. |
| HTTP | /eɪtʃ tiː tiː piː/ | n. 超文本传输协议 | HTTP/2 supports multiplexed connections. |
| hub | /hʌb/ | n. 集线器 | Hubs broadcast frames to all ports. |
| IP | /aɪ piː/ | n. 互联网协议 | IPv6 provides 128-bit addresses. |
| latency | /ˈleɪtənsi/ | n. 延迟 | Network latency affects real-time applications. |
| load | /loʊd/ | n. 负载 | Load balancers distribute traffic across servers. |
| multicast | /ˈmʌltikæst/ | n. 组播 | Multicast sends data to a group of recipients. |
| packet | /ˈpækɪt/ | n. 数据包 | Packets are routed through the network. |
| payload | /ˈpeɪloʊd/ | n. 载荷 | The payload contains the actual data. |
| port | /pɔːrt/ | n. 端口 | HTTP typically uses port 80. |
| protocol | /ˈproʊtəkɑːl/ | n. 协议 | TCP/IP is the foundation of internet communication. |
| proxy | /ˈprɑːksi/ | n. 代理 | A forward proxy acts on behalf of the client. |
| route | /ruːt/ | n./v. 路由 | Routers forward packets between networks. |
| socket | /ˈsɑːkɪt/ | n. 套接字 | Sockets provide endpoints for communication. |
| subnet | /ˈsʌbnet/ | n. 子网 | Subnetting divides a network into smaller segments. |
| switch | /swɪtʃ/ | n. 交换机 | Switches forward frames to the correct port. |
| TCP | /tiː siː piː/ | n. 传输控制协议 | TCP ensures reliable data delivery. |
| TLS | /tiː el es/ | n. 传输层安全 | TLS encrypts data in transit. |
| tunnel | /ˈtʌnl/ | n. 隧道 | VPN tunnels encrypt traffic over the internet. |
| UDP | /juː diː piː/ | n. 用户数据报协议 | UDP is suitable for real-time streaming. |
| VPN | /viː piː en/ | n. 虚拟专用网络 | VPNs provide secure remote access. |
5. 数据库 (Database)
| 单词 | 音标 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| aggregate | /ˈæɡrɪɡət/ | v. 聚合 | Aggregate functions compute values across rows. |
| atomic | /əˈtɑːmɪk/ | adj. 原子的 | Atomic operations are indivisible. |
| B-tree | /ˈbiː triː/ | n. B 树 | B-tree indexes speed up range queries. |
| cluster | /ˈklʌstər/ | n. 集群 | Database clusters provide high availability. |
| column | /ˈkɑːləm/ | n. 列 | Each column has a specific data type. |
| commit | /kəˈmɪt/ | v. 提交 | Commit the transaction to persist changes. |
| constraint | /kənˈstreɪnt/ | n. 约束 | Foreign key constraints enforce referential integrity. |
| cursor | /ˈkɜːrsər/ | n. 游标 | Cursors iterate over query results row by row. |
| deadlock | /ˈdedlɑːk/ | n. 死锁 | Deadlocks occur when transactions block each other. |
| document | /ˈdɑːkjumənt/ | n. 文档 | MongoDB stores data as BSON documents. |
| dump | /dʌmp/ | n./v. 转储 | Back up the database with a full dump. |
| field | /fiːld/ | n. 字段 | Each field stores a specific attribute. |
| foreign | /ˈfɔːrən/ | adj. 外部的 | Foreign keys reference primary keys in other tables. |
| graph | /ɡræf/ | n. 图 | Graph databases model relationships between entities. |
| hash | /hæʃ/ | n. 哈希 | Hash indexes support equality comparisons. |
| index | /ˈɪndeks/ | n. 索引 | Indexes speed up query performance. |
| join | /dʒɔɪn/ | v./n. 连接 | JOIN combines rows from multiple tables. |
| key | /kiː/ | n. 键 | Primary keys uniquely identify each row. |
| migration | /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/ | n. 迁移 | Database migrations manage schema changes. |
| MVCC | /em viː siː siː/ | n. 多版本并发控制 | MVCC allows concurrent reads and writes. |
| normalize | /ˈnɔːrməlaɪz/ | v. 规范化 | Normalize the schema to reduce redundancy. |
| NoSQL | /noʊ es kjuː el/ | n. NoSQL | NoSQL databases handle unstructured data. |
| partition | /pɑːrˈtɪʃn/ | v./n. 分区 | Table partitioning improves query performance. |
| primary | /ˈpraɪmeri/ | adj. 主键的 | The primary key ensures row uniqueness. |
| query | /ˈkwɪri/ | n./v. 查询 | Optimize queries for better performance. |
| replica | /ˈreplɪkə/ | n. 副本 | Read replicas distribute query load. |
| rollback | /ˈroʊlbæk/ | n./v. 回滚 | Rollback undoes uncommitted changes. |
| row | /raʊ/ | n. 行 | Each row represents a single record. |
| schema | /ˈskiːmə/ | n. 模式 | The schema defines the database structure. |
| shard | /ʃɑːrd/ | n./v. 分片 | Sharding distributes data across multiple servers. |
| SQL | /es kjuː el/ | n. 结构化查询语言 | SQL is the standard language for relational databases. |
| table | /ˈteɪbl/ | n. 表 | Tables store data in rows and columns. |
| transaction | /trænˈzækʃn/ | n. 事务 | Transactions ensure ACID properties. |
| trigger | /ˈtrɪɡər/ | n. 触发器 | Triggers execute automatically on data changes. |
| view | /vjuː/ | n. 视图 | Views provide virtual tables based on queries. |
6. 人工智能与机器学习 (AI & Machine Learning)
| 单词 | 音标 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| activation | /ˌæktɪˈveɪʃn/ | n. 激活 | The ReLU activation function is widely used. |
| agent | /ˈeɪdʒənt/ | n. 智能体 | An agent interacts with its environment. |
| attention | /əˈtenʃn/ | n. 注意力 | The attention mechanism weights input importance. |
| autoencoder | /ˌɔːtoʊɪnˈkoʊdər/ | n. 自编码器 | Autoencoders learn compressed representations. |
| backpropagation | /ˌbækprɑːpəˈɡeɪʃn/ | n. 反向传播 | Backpropagation computes gradients for training. |
| batch | /bætʃ/ | n. 批次 | Mini-batch training uses small subsets of data. |
| bias | /ˈbaɪəs/ | n. 偏置；偏差 | The model has high bias due to underfitting. |
| classifier | /ˈklæsɪfaɪər/ | n. 分类器 | The classifier achieves 95% accuracy. |
| convolution | /ˌkɑːnvəˈluːʃn/ | n. 卷积 | Convolutional layers extract spatial features. |
| dataset | /ˈdeɪtəset/ | n. 数据集 | Split the dataset into training and test sets. |
| decoder | /diːˈkoʊdər/ | n. 解码器 | The decoder generates output sequences. |
| deep | /diːp/ | adj. 深度的 | Deep learning uses many hidden layers. |
| dropout | /ˈdrɑːpaʊt/ | n. 丢弃 | Dropout prevents overfitting. |
| embedding | /ɪmˈbedɪŋ/ | n. 嵌入 | Word embeddings capture semantic meaning. |
| encoder | /ɪnˈkoʊdər/ | n. 编码器 | The encoder compresses input into a latent space. |
| epoch | /ˈepək/ | n. 轮次 | Train the model for 100 epochs. |
| feature | /ˈfiːtʃər/ | n. 特征 | Feature engineering improves model performance. |
| fine-tune | /faɪn tuːn/ | v. 微调 | Fine-tune the pretrained model on domain data. |
| generative | /ˈdʒenərətɪv/ | adj. 生成式的 | Generative AI creates new content. |
| gradient | /ˈɡreɪdiənt/ | n. 梯度 | Gradient descent minimizes the loss function. |
| hidden | /ˈhɪdn/ | adj. 隐藏的 | Hidden layers perform nonlinear transformations. |
| hyperparameter | /ˌhaɪpərpəˈræmɪtər/ | n. 超参数 | Tune hyperparameters for optimal performance. |
| inference | /ˈɪnfərəns/ | n. 推理 | Model inference generates predictions. |
| label | /ˈleɪbl/ | n. 标签 | Labeled data is required for supervised learning. |
| layer | /ˈleɪər/ | n. 层 | Neural networks consist of multiple layers. |
| learning | /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/ | n. 学习 | Transfer learning leverages pretrained knowledge. |
| loss | /lɔːs/ | n. 损失 | Cross-entropy loss is used for classification. |
| LSTM | /el es tiː em/ | n. 长短期记忆网络 | LSTMs handle long-range dependencies. |
| metric | /ˈmetrɪk/ | n. 指标 | Accuracy is a common evaluation metric. |
| model | /ˈmɑːdl/ | n. 模型 | The model learns patterns from training data. |
| neural | /ˈnʊrəl/ | adj. 神经的 | Neural networks are inspired by the brain. |
| node | /noʊd/ | n. 节点 | Each node computes a weighted sum. |
| normalize | /ˈnɔːrməlaɪz/ | v. 归一化 | Normalize inputs to improve training stability. |
| optimizer | /ˈɑːptɪmaɪzər/ | n. 优化器 | Adam is a popular optimizer. |
| overfitting | /ˌoʊvərˈfɪtɪŋ/ | n. 过拟合 | Overfitting occurs when the model memorizes training data. |
| parameter | /pəˈræmɪtər/ | n. 参数 | Large language models have billions of parameters. |
| pooling | /ˈpuːlɪŋ/ | n. 池化 | Max pooling reduces spatial dimensions. |
| prediction | /prɪˈdɪkʃn/ | n. 预测 | The model’s prediction matches the actual value. |
| pretrained | /priːˈtreɪnd/ | adj. 预训练的 | Use a pretrained model as a starting point. |
| recurrent | /rɪˈkɜːrənt/ | adj. 循环的 | Recurrent networks process sequential data. |
| regularization | /ˌreɡjələrəˈzeɪʃn/ | n. 正则化 | L2 regularization penalizes large weights. |
| reinforcement | /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/ | n. 强化 | Reinforcement learning optimizes through rewards. |
| representation | /ˌreprɪzenˈteɪʃn/ | n. 表示 | Learn a useful representation of the data. |
| softmax | /sɑːftmæks/ | n. Softmax | Softmax converts logits to probabilities. |
| tensor | /ˈtensər/ | n. 张量 | Tensors are multi-dimensional arrays. |
| token | /ˈtoʊkən/ | n. 词元 | The tokenizer splits text into tokens. |
| transformer | /trænsˈfɔːrmər/ | n. Transformer | Transformers revolutionized NLP. |
| underfitting | /ˌʌndərˈfɪtɪŋ/ | n. 欠拟合 | Underfitting indicates the model is too simple. |
| validation | /ˌvælɪˈdeɪʃn/ | n. 验证 | Use a validation set to tune hyperparameters. |
| variance | /ˈveriəns/ | n. 方差 | High variance indicates overfitting. |
| vector | /ˈvektər/ | n. 向量 | Word vectors represent semantic relationships. |
| weight | /weɪt/ | n. 权重 | Update weights during backpropagation. |